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Biophysical Profile (BPP)
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What is a biophysical profile (BPP)? |
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A biophysical profile (BPP) is a test that combines a nonstress test with ultrasound. A nonstress test (NST) measures the fetal heart rate in response to the movements of the fetus. An ultrasound is a diagnostic technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to create an image of the internal organs. Biophysical profile testing is usually performed in the last trimester of pregnancy.
There are five parts to a biophysical profile:
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plus four areas assessed by ultrasound:
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- fetal breathing movements.
- fetal movements.
- fetal tone.
- amniotic fluid volume.
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How is a biophysical profile performed? |
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Each of the five areas of the biophysical profile has a possible total score of two points, for a total of 10 points. A score of:
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- eight to 10 usually is considered normal.
- six is considered equivocal (uncertain).
- four or less is considered abnormal.
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If the score is questionable or abnormal, or if the amniotic fluid volume is too low, additional testing may be needed. |
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What is a modified biophysical profile? |
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Another type of BPP is sometimes performed. The modified BPP combines the nonstress test and an evaluation of the amount of amniotic fluid called the amniotic fluid index (AFI). A pocket of amniotic fluid is measured using ultrasound, then the total amount of amniotic fluid is estimated.
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